CompTIA ITF+ Practice Test

The development of specific step-by-step instructions and conditional statements is indicative of an algorithm. An algorithm is a systematic procedure or a set of rules that defines a sequence of operations to be performed to solve a particular problem or accomplish a task. It provides a clear framework for how inputs are transformed into outputs through methodical steps, including decision-making processes represented through conditional statements.

In programming, algorithms act as the foundation for writing code. They allow developers to outline the logic of the program before actual coding begins. By focusing on the problem-solving aspect, algorithms help clarify what the program will do without being bogged down by the syntax specific to a programming language.

In contrast, software encompasses a broad category of computer programs, while applications are a subset of software designed for end-users to perform specific tasks. A script usually refers to a small program written in a scripting language to automate a process. However, without the structured approach to problem-solving, the terms "software," "application," and "script" do not accurately represent the methodical and logical nature of what an algorithm embodies.